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Howard Gardner, in his book “Multiple Intelligence”, divides the intelligence of children in a fairly broad spectrum.
1. Mathematical and Logical Intelligence.
Includes a child’s ability to think inductively and deductively, the ability to think according to the rules of logic and analyze patterns of numbers, and solve problems through the ability to think. Children with mathematical and logical intelligence which tend to favor the activities of analysis and study the cause and effect of something.
They favor a conceptual way of thinking, for example, arrange hypothesis, categorize and classify what he faced. These children tend to like math activities and have a high speed in solving math problems.
2. Language Intelligence.
Includes a child’s ability to use language and words (both spoken and written) to express ideas in many forms. The children with high language skills are generally characterized by pleasure in activities related to language such as reading, poetry, and make the pearl.
These children tend to have a strong memory will be the names of people, new terms, and the things that nature detail. They are more likely to learn by listening and verbalization. In the case of mastering a new language skill, these children generally have a higher capacity than other children. By the time they are adults will be a presenter, author, poet, journalist, translator, and other professions that involve lots of language and words.
3. Musical Intelligence.
Includes a child’s ability to be sensitive to nonverbal sounds around him, in this case is the tone and rhythm. These kids love to hear the tunes and the beautiful rhythms, from the chanting they do themselves, from the radio, cassette, watching the orchestra, or play a musical instrument itself. They are easier to remember something with music. As adults they can be a singer, musician, composer-songwriter, and other areas related to music.
4. Spatial Visual Intelligence.
Includes a child’s ability to understand more deeply the relationship between objects and space. These children have the ability to create imaginative forms in his mind, or creating forms in three dimensions. As adults they usually would be a sculptor, architect, painter, designer, and other professions related to the visual arts.
5. Kinesthetic Intelligence.
Includes a child’s ability to actively use the parts or the whole body to communicate and solve problems. This can be found in children who excel in sports fields, such as badminton, soccer, tennis, swimming, basketball, and branches of other sports, or can also be seen in those who excel in dancing, magic, acrobatics, and other abilities that involve body movement skills.
6. Interpersonal Intelligence.
Includes a child’s ability to be sensitive to others’ feelings. They tend to understand and interact with other people so easily in the mix with the surrounding environment. Intelligence is also called social intelligence, where a child is able to establish an intimate friendship with her friends, including the abilities to lead, organize, handle disputes among friends, and gain sympathy from the other children. As adults they can become activists in the organization, public relations, leaders, managers, directors, even a minister or president.
7. Intrapersonal Intelligence.
Includes a child’s ability to be sensitive to the feelings themselves. They tend to be able to identify strengths or weaknesses of his own, self-pleased introspection, correcting deficiencies or weaknesses and then try to improve himself. Some of them tend to like solitude and silence, reflection and dialogue with himself. As adults they usually would be philosophers, poets, or artists.
8. Naturalist Intelligence.
Includes a child’s ability to be sensitive to the natural environment. They tend to be happy in the outdoor environment such as nature reserves, mountains, beaches, and forests. They tend to like to observe the natural environment such as various kinds of rocks, flora and fauna, even the objects in space. As adults they can be nature lovers, environmentalists, geologists, astronomers, animal lover, and other activities related to nature and the environment.
With the concept of Multiple Intelligences of children is, Howard Gardner wanted to correct the limitations of the conventional ways of thinking about intelligence, that intelligence seemed limited to the narrow intelligence tests only, or simply viewed from the performance shown a child through repetition and exam at school alone.
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